This article is part of our exclusive career advice series in partnership with the IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Society.

Poor communication causes problems, delays, and failures in teams and organizations. As engineers who want to communicate what we are working on and why it matters, we need to work on getting better at it.

That might seem obvious, but how we communicate often depends on whom we communicate with. The method of communication, as well as the content, differ if you’re talking with an executive, a peer, or someone you lead.

As a career expert, I can help you better communicate at different levels of your organization, whether by email, in person, on the phone, or virtually.

This is not a “one size fits all” model. Individuals at all levels have varying preferences for style, cadence, length, and mode. It’s a good practice to be sensitive to such differences.

Communicating “up” to leaders

Let’s start with communicating with leaders and more senior managers within an organization.

First, consider the purpose of communicating with them, such as:

• Making them aware of your work for strategic decisions.
• The impact of your project on teams.
• Reporting progress on a strategic initiative.

Such leaders don’t want all the details. They often don’t have the time, or they might not understand the specifics, especially if the topic is deeply technical.

Context and impact, however, are important to them. How does what you’re sharing fit into the company as a whole? Will it affect other developments? What does it mean for your team and others moving forward?

Give the leaders what they need. Be brief and cogent.

For example, I had a coaching client who was working on a large initiative to shift technology platforms used for the storing and distribution of their digital products. It was a big deal for the company, as everything else they delivered went back to the platform. When speaking to upper management, they mostly had to focus on the timeline, budget, and reliability/performance expectations as they went through the project so that the leadership team could make decisions based on that information.

Your role is to help the client make informed decisions. You can be proactive in communicating with senior leaders when appropriate, and you should ensure you respond to questions and requests as soon and clearly as possible.

What and how you communicate will shape the leaders’ perception of you, with potential implications on your performance reviews and future opportunities.

Communicating across levels

At this level, you frequently communicate with peers, stakeholders, clients, or other collaborators.

Beware of the curse of knowledge. If you believe you know more than they do, it can be difficult to look at things from their perspective and help them understand because you already have things mapped out in your head. Communicating with peers isn’t just about sharing information. You can, and should, seek information and respond to requests and perspectives that others have shared. The process of give and take is important in a collegial environment.

Consider what you need to communicate:

• What does the client need to know to make good decisions?
• What input do you need to effectively collaborate?
• Is there a background or context the client needs to understand?
• Do you have the right people involved?

Going back to the example of my client above, when he was working with his peers he mostly focused on communicating and solving around interactions/dependencies. It allows the group members to make sure they all could deliver together and remove critical roadblocks to the progress of other teams.

Working collaboratively allows you to get the best out of everyone, rather than making unilateral decisions and moving forward on your own. Engaging team members in a constructive and supportive way will help you be a better colleague and partner, with tangible and intangible benefits.

Communicating with those you lead

Communicating “down” does not mean talking down to anyone. It’s just a way of communicating with those you lead, formally or informally. They don’t want to be left in the dark. They need to have context and understanding of not just what they are doing but also why.

When communicating with your staff:

• Help them see the big picture and understand how their actions contribute to larger goals and initiatives.
• Share context and the reasoning behind decisions. Transparency is important to avoid false stories and incorrect assumptions. That said, there will be occasions when you won’t be able to give the staff the full picture.
• Get their input frequently; don’t just give orders. Your staff members are crucial parts of the organization, and they will have useful input and ideas. Listen to them and help them feel heard and valued.

When my client was interfacing with his team, he helped his colleagues see why they were engaged in the technology transition project, what each person needed to do, and when the job needed to be completed. It helped everyone feel connected to the purpose of their work, and it created a team commitment around deliverables.

Effective communication at this level is one of the most important ways to boost morale, cultivate respect, and influence organizational culture.

Take intentional action

Look at each of your conversations at work and think about what communication level and style is needed for each situation. Perhaps it’s giving a presentation to leaders or taking on a project that will have you collaborating with new team members. As you move through the experience, spend some time reflecting on what is working. Are you growing your relationships with others? What could be improved?

Do something outside your comfort zone to help you practice your communication skills.

Whatever it is, make sure it stretches your skills.

Since 5G began its rollout in 2018 or 2019, fifth-generation wireless networks have spread across the globe to cover hundreds of millions of users. But while it offers lower latency than precursor networks, 5G also requires more base stations. To avoid installing unsightly equipment on more and more shared spaces, Japanese companies are developing transparent glass antennas that allow windows to serve as base stations that can be shared by several carriers.

Because 5G networks include spectrum comprising higher frequencies than 4G, base stations for 5G networks serve a smaller coverage footprint. Which means more base stations are needed compared to 4G. Due to a lack of installation spots and the high cost of rolling out 5G networks, carriers in Japan have been sharing mobile infrastructure.

Last month the Tokyo-based communications company JTower announced the deployment of the new glass antenna, created in part by glassmaker AGC (one of the world’s largest) and the mobile carrier NTT Docomo. The first was installed on a window in Tokyo’s Shinjuku district.

The product is “the world’s first antenna that turns a window into a base station that can be attached to a building window inside and turn the outdoors into a service area without spoiling the cityscape or the exterior appearance of the building,” says Shota Ochiai, a marketing manager at AGC.

NTT Docomo reports that it uses transparent conductive materials as the basis for its antenna, sandwiching the conductive material along with a transparent resin, the kind used in laminated windshields, in between two sheets of glass.

“I don’t think the idea for using transparent conductive materials as an antenna existed before,” said AGC’s Kentaro Oka in a company statement. “The durability of the antenna was significantly increased by placing the conductive materials between glass.”

The transparent antenna can be engineered according to the thickness of the glass to reduce the attenuation and reflection of the radio signals being absorbed and emitted by the window-sized device. “The glass antenna uses our proprietary technology to smooth out the disruption in the direction of radio waves when they pass through a window,” says Ochia.

A brief history of the window antenna

Branded WAVEANTENNA, the antenna is installed on the interior surface of windows. Apart perhaps from its cabling, the WAVEANTENNA is an otherwise inconspicuous piece of equipment that is often tucked out of sight, placed near the top or otherwise at the edges of a window.

It is compatible with frequencies in the 5G Sub6 band—meaning signals that are less than 6 gigahertz (GHz). Sub6 antennas represent critical portions of a 5G deployment, as their lower frequency ranges penetrate barriers like walls and buildings better than the substantially higher-bandwidth millimeter-wave portions of the 5G spectrum.

An earlier version of the product was launched in 2020, while a version that could handle sharing by multiple cell networks was introduced last year, according to AGC. The company says its antenna is optimized for frequencies between 3.7 and 4.5 GHz bands, which still allows for substantial bandwidth—albeit not comparable with what an ideal millimeter-wave 5G deployment could reach. (Millimeter waves can deliver typically between 10 and 50 GHz of bandwidth.)

The glass antenna can help expand 5G coverage as infrastructure sharing will become more important to carriers, AGC says. Besides increasing the number of locations for base stations, the device makes it easier to select the appropriate installation height, according to Ochiai.

AGC has also applied 5G glass antennas to automobiles, where they can help reduce dropped signals. The company reports that users include Halo.Car, an on-demand EV rental service in Las Vegas that relies on high-speed networks for remote drivers to deliver cars to customers.

Here’s a cool tool that confronts the problem posed by this question: Are you sure who is picking up your kids at leaving time? It’s a necessity, and as far as schools go, it’s a bit of an historical problem. The challenge: To respond to all the factors involved in this process in the simplest, most workable way possible.

• Families: Parents’ time tables may not be the same as their kids, therefore they have to ask third parties.
• Teachers: If they want to be agile, they must remember last minute changes, whatsapps, mails, calls, familiy circumstancies, and on and on.
• Schools: While well-intentioned, they are not registering these kinds of transactions.

The goal of Qualla is to simplify this process in a way that is as workable, practical, and as efficient as possible, making the school pickup process more effective, easier and safer.

Therefore, they created an app that addresses all of these factors in just a click. Testing this with the market, the people behind Qualla realized that this method was valid for several other functionalities, and today they solve such complex processes as: canteens, school bus, authorizations, arrivals, pickups and more, and with an extended road map.

With an agile one-click solution providing an easy user interface with no learning needed— and a secure interface where each transaction is automatically registered — has allowed Qualla Kids Pickup System to differentiate themselves and establish relationships with other trusted partners. From September of 2022, they’ve recorded more than 1.3 Million transactions, over 20,000 users and a satisfaction rate of 98%. For these reasons and more, Qualla earned a Cool Tool Award for Best Communication Solution (Finalist) as part of The EdTech Awards 2024. Learn more. 

The post Qualla Kids Pickup System appeared first on EdTech Digest.

This is a comprehensive Learning Management System (LMS) that enhances the educational experience. The digital platform connects educators, students, and parents to facilitate interactive and engaging learning. It provides an app and webpage user-friendly interface for educators to efficiently create, manage, and deliver educational content. Administrators can effortlessly set up classes and curriculums, add users, and assign content, whether it is custom or pre-existing. Students can access this content, complete assignments, and track their progress. Students and teachers can use a stylus on the app to write directly on the assignment. It also has a helpful writing feature to display work. Part of its real value is actually quite basic: it allows efficient communication between teachers, students, and parents.

EdQuill was developed by a team with Ushapriya Ravilla to address the evolving needs of modern education. EdQuill aims to improve the teaching and learning experience, reduce administrative burdens on educators, and foster greater parent involvement in students’ education. It is available to educational institutions, learning centers, tutors, and educators. Access EdQuill by signing up for a free trial or scheduling a demo with EdQuill’s expert representatives.

In two short years, EdQuill has helped over 100 educators impact more than 2,000 students nationwide. Using the platform led to a 40% decrease in printing costs and increased productivity in administrative tasks for 100% of teachers. For these reasons and more, EdQuill earned a Cool Tool Award (finalist) for “Best Classroom Management Solution” as part of The EdTech Awards 2024 from EdTech Digest. Learn more. 

The post EdQuill appeared first on EdTech Digest.

A new, tunable smart surface can transform a single pulse of light into multiple beams, each aimed in different directions. The proof-of-principle development opens the door to a range of innovations in communications, imaging, sensing, and medicine.

The research comes out of the Caltech lab of Harry Atwater, a professor of applied physics and materials science, and is possible due to a type of nano-engineered material called a metasurface. “These are artificially designed surfaces which basically consist of nanostructured patterns,” says Prachi Thureja, a graduate student in Atwater’s group. “So it’s an array of nanostructures, and each nanostructure essentially allows us to locally control the properties of light.”

The surface can be reconfigured up to millions of times per second to change how it is locally controlling light. That’s rapid enough to manipulate and redirect light for applications in optical data transmission such as optical space communications and Li-Fi, as well as lidar.

“[The metasurface] brings unprecedented freedom in controlling light,” says Alex M.H. Wong, an associate professor of electrical engineering at the City University of Hong Kong. “The ability to do this means one can migrate existing wireless technologies into the optical regime. Li-Fi and LIDAR serve as prime examples.”

Metasurfaces remove the need for lenses and mirrors

Manipulating and redirecting beams of light typically involves a range of conventional lenses and mirrors. These lenses and mirrors might be microscopic in size, but they’re still using optical properties of materials like Snell’s Law, which describes the progress of a wavefront through different materials and how that wavefront is redirected—or refracted—according to the properties of the material itself.

By contrast, the new work offers the prospect of electrically manipulating a material’s optical properties via a semiconducting material. Combined with nano-scaled mirror elements, the flat, microscopic devices can be made to behave like a lens, without requiring lengths of curved or bent glass. And the new metasurface’s optical properties can be switched millions of times per second using electrical signals.

“The difference with our device is by applying different voltages across the device, we can change the profile of light coming off of the mirror, even though physically it’s not moving,” says paper co-author Jared Sisler—also a graduate student in Atwater’s group. “And then we can steer the light like it’s an electrically reprogrammable mirror.”

The device itself, a chip that measures 120 micrometers on each side, achieves its light-manipulating capabilities with an embedded surface of tiny gold antennas in a semiconductor layer of indium tin oxide. Manipulating the voltages across the semiconductor alters the material’s capacity to bend light—also known as its index of refraction. Between the reflection of the gold mirror elements and the tunable refractive capacity of the semiconductor, a lot of rapidly-tunable light manipulation becomes possible.

“I think the whole idea of using a solid-state metasurface or optical device to steer light in space and also use that for encoding information—I mean, there’s nothing like that that exists right now,” Sisler says. “So I mean, technically, you can send more information if you can achieve higher modulation rates. But since it’s kind of a new domain, the performance of our device is more just to show the principle.”

Metasurfaces open up plenty of new possibilities

The principle, says Wong, suggests a wide array of future technologies on the back of what he says are likely near-term metasurface developments and discoveries.

“The metasurface [can] be flat, ultrathin, and lightweight while it attains the functions normally achieved by a series of carefully curved lenses,” Wong says. “Scientists are currently still unlocking the vast possibilities the metasurface has available to us.

“With improvements in nanofabrication, elements with small feature sizes much smaller than the wavelength are now reliably fabricable,” Wong continues. “Many functionalities of the metasurface are being routinely demonstrated, benefiting not just communication but also imaging, sensing, and medicine, among other fields... I know that in addition to interest from academia, various players from industry are also deeply interested and making sizable investments in pushing this technology toward commercialization.”