This student-centered approach engages students with math challenges, frees them to explore solutions collaboratively, and then connects the entire process to underlying concepts.

GUEST COLUMN | by Matt Haber

SIMPLELINE

Throughout my years in education, I’ve often heard that a teacher’s role is to fill empty brains. Educators know that is not accurate. Students come to us with so much knowledge, cultural skill, and understanding of the world, and filling “empty” brains doesn’t work anyway. The only way to learn is to connect new experiences with old ones. We can’t shovel math knowledge into students’ brains like we’re filling a hole, but we can provide them with math-based experiences and collaborate with them to make those experiences relevant.

I currently work in Oxnard School District, where we put this idea into action by creating “thinking classrooms” for math learning, based on the book Building Thinking Classrooms. Thinking classrooms also allow students to practice skills that are in high demand among employers, including collaboration, perseverance, resilience, and problem-solving. As this approach to teaching and learning has made its way into other classes, I’ve seen students become more intuitive in subjects such as social studies and science, too. 

Here’s how my district helps our students understand math by beginning with what they already know and then encouraging collaboration and exploration.

Engagement, Exploration, and Consolidation

When I was in school, a teacher would teach us how to do something, for example multiplying fractions. Then we would do 20 problems just like the one we’d been shown. There was no thinking involved. We were just mimicking, following a process we were shown with no understanding of the logic behind it. In an effort to move beyond mimicry and encourage deeper understanding, thinking classrooms have three parts: engagement, exploration, and consolidation.

We begin with an engaging and exciting launch. Recently, for example, I put an orange and a small, very light block on opposite ends of a seesaw. Of course, the seesaw tilted all the way toward the orange. The question I asked was, “How many blocks will balance the orange?” I told the class I wouldn’t give them a scale, and asked them what they would need to answer the question. They said they would need the weights of the orange and the block.

It’s important to get started quickly with a conundrum like this that grabs students’ attention. When students arrive in the classroom, I don’t ask them to sit down. I just have them toss their backpacks aside and join me at the front of the classroom. Together, we go through the engagement piece and I provide them with enough information to be successful (without giving them too much detail) in the first three to five minutes. I split them into groups by having them draw cards and putting the kings with the kings, the queens with the queens, and so on. It’s important that groups are random so that students are working with a variety of peers and encountering a range of approaches to the concepts we are learning.

Once in groups, the class moves into the exploration stage, where students use vertical whiteboards in groups of three to work together on solutions. Students talk to each other, begin to develop their voices, and exercise their mathematical agency. I give my students between 15 and 20 minutes to complete their exploration.

Educators are not always accustomed to seeing as much self-directed learning in math as they see in my teachers’ classrooms. My experience has shown me that allowing students to explore rather than “sit and get” will lead to higher interest, deeper engagement, fewer behavior issues, and a space for deeper learning to occur. During exploration, I like to give classes three “slices,” which are three different challenges. Three challenges are important because they give students who figure out the first one something else to focus on while other groups are still working. 

To transition from their exploration to solidifying a solution, we move to the consolidation or closure stage, which provides students the ability to present their solutions to the class. This is where we connect the experiences they’ve just had back to math concepts, creating the opportunity to take meaningful notes about what they have discovered and learned together.

Another example of consolidation is to conduct a “gallery walk,” where all students go from board to board, writing on sticky notes to place on the boards. When we sit back down, students write “notes to my future forgetful self,” in which they sum up what they learned during the lesson. One way to encourage more meaningful notes is to have students create a math problem in addition to solving the one I gave them. 

Writing their problems and solutions down helps to cement concepts in their minds, and the notes themselves provide excellent exit tickets to help teachers decide which students, if any, need additional support or instruction.

Building Thinking Classrooms with Visual-Spatial Puzzles

One of the most important tools we use to launch thinking classroom experiences during the engagement stage is ST Math, created by MIND Education, which uses visual puzzles to illustrate math concepts. I’ve actually used it with my own children, and have even completed a few puzzles myself to refresh my mind on some middle school math concepts. Oxnard adopted ST Math to support our shift from procedural math to a more conceptually focused approach.

The first time I used it as the engagement piece, I was working with a 5th-grade teacher on a fraction lesson. We selected three puzzles, each increasingly difficult, to serve as the three slices. We printed out the puzzles and made copies. At the end of the lesson, we used the software to show students how their proposed solutions worked.

I was excited because the ideas behind Building Thinking Classrooms became the structure of the class and the visual and engaging puzzles became the curriculum. The prep was as easy as making a handful of copies of the puzzles, and even that could be eliminated by having students bring their computers to the front of the classroom with the appropriate puzzle on the screen.

Since that first experiment, we’ve developed a small cohort of teachers who are continuing to use and refine this approach to engagement.

Tangible Results

To gauge how well our new model for math education was working, I identified everyone among Oxnard’s 800 teachers who use thinking classrooms at least twice a week. I then tracked the change in their Star Assessments scores from fall to spring. Students in classrooms that used thinking classrooms at least twice a week had an average improvement of 10.46 percentage points, compared to just 3.89 points among other students. I did have a control group, but this was not a rigorous study, so I can’t say for certain that the difference is attributable to thinking classrooms. It could be that the teachers using this approach are more conscientious or exceptionally hardworking. Nevertheless, it is promising.

Over the past five years, I have consistently interviewed students about thinking classrooms. One of the most frequent responses I get is that students feel less anonymous when they are standing up and working in small groups than when they are sitting at their desks. They share that they like using whiteboards so they can easily erase mistakes and start anew, making it easier for them to take risks as they work through problems. 

Recently, I worked with one of our special education classes that was trying this approach for the first time. The teacher and the aides were really excited after the lesson was over because they had never seen this kind of engagement during math. There were even students who I was told usually could not work together, but who had collaborated beautifully throughout the lesson. It reminded me of the misconceptions we hold about what our students are capable of and how they want to learn. These students can work together in the right context, and many more children can thrive when we center them and unleash their agency than when we sit them at a desk with a worksheet to complete.

Building a thinking classroom like we have is logistically very easy, but as is the case with anything new, it will require practice and the space to do so. The key is shifting our philosophy about how we teach and learn. It’s not the way teachers are used to teaching, and students have been taught to learn in a certain way. If it doesn’t work the first time, that may simply mean that everyone needs a little more practice.

My goal is to create spaces for students to explore and collaborate. It took thousands of years for mathematicians to come up with the division algorithm. With a little practice, we can allow our students to have some of that same fun of discovering mathematics — instead of trying to fill their heads.

—

Matthew Haber is manager of mathematics and physical education at Oxnard School District. He has been developing mathematics teachers for more than 25 years. He taught all grade levels in the Los Angeles area, then began leading teachers on special assignments and developing and facilitating professional development. For 10 years, he led mathematics in LAUSD. In 2013, he was recruited by the San Joaquin County Office of Education to improve math instruction in multiple districts. He has written two books, including New School Math for Old School Parents, a title for teachers and parents centered around supporting learners in the 21st century. Write to: mhaber@oxnardsd.org.

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Kaplan Career Core is the first example of a shared career service across multiple universities allowing for both highly-personalized and high-scale work readiness to prepare students for whatever’s next. This innovative model provides valuable career services and resources difficult for individual universities to offer, equipping students for their first jobs and ongoing career success.

It features access to generalist and industry-specific career coaches and an academically rigorous, asynchronous career education curriculum. Developed in partnership with Wake Forest University, this pioneering model enhances schools’ existing career programs with complementary capabilities, enabling them to meaningfully improve their career services affordably and efficiently, while still providing a flexible and tailored program.

Career Core’s self-paced online curriculum is divided into three phases to help students examine, explore and apply. Courses include world-class video content focused on personal and professional development, as well as self-assessment plans for career discovery. The engaging content is all in digestible learning units for thoughtful exploration.

Live, interactive group coaching sessions for in-demand fields including data science, technology, and finance, are available including on nights and weekends, meeting students where they are. This guidance helps students identify career goals and prepares them for a confident entrance into the professional world. Career Core coaches come from diverse backgrounds to mirror the diversity of students.

Schools receive real-time data, including enrollment, page views, and coaching sessions scheduled. Student satisfaction surveys, administered after live coaching sessions and completed learning journeys, have an average score of 4.8 out of 5.

For these reasons and more, Career Core from Kaplan earned a Cool Tool Award (finalist) for “Best Career Planning Solution” as part of The EdTech Awards 2024 from EdTech Digest. Learn more. 

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Once upon a time, educators worried about the dangers of CliffsNotes — study guides that rendered great works of literature as a series of bullet points that many students used as a replacement for actually doing the reading.

Today, that sure seems quaint.

Suddenly, new consumer AI tools have hit the market that can take any piece of text, audio or video and provide that same kind of simplified summary. And those summaries aren’t just a series of quippy text in bullet points. These days students can have tools like Google’s NotebookLM turn their lecture notes into a podcast, where sunny-sounding AI bots banter and riff on key points. Most of the tools are free, and do their work in seconds with the click of a button.

Naturally, all this is causing concern among some educators, who see students off-loading the hard work of synthesizing information to AI at a pace never before possible.

But the overall picture is more complicated, especially as these tools become more mainstream and their use starts to become standard in business and other contexts beyond the classroom.

And the tools serve as a particular lifeline for neurodivergent students, who suddenly have access to services that can help them get organized and support their reading comprehension, teaching experts say.

“There’s no universal answer,” says Alexis Peirce Caudell, a lecturer in informatics at Indiana University at Bloomington who recently did an assignment where many students shared their experience and concerns about AI tools. “Students in biology are going to be using it in one way, chemistry students are going to be using it in another. My students are all using it in different ways.”

It’s not as simple as assuming that students are all cheaters, the instructor stresses.

“Some students were concerned about pressure to engage with tools — if all of their peers were doing it that they should be doing it even if they felt it was getting in the way of their authentically learning,” she says. They are asking themselves questions like, “Is this helping me get through this specific assignment or this specific test because I’m trying to navigate five classes and applications for internships” — but at the cost of learning?

It all adds new challenges to schools and colleges as they attempt to set boundaries and policies for AI use in their classrooms.

Need for ‘Friction’

It seems like just about every week -— or even every day — tech companies announce new features that students are adopting in their studies.

Just last week, for instance, Apple released Apple Intelligence features for iPhones, and one of the features can recraft any piece of text to different tones, such as casual or professional. And last month ChatGPT-maker OpenAI released a feature called Canvas that includes slider bars for users to instantly change the reading level of a text.

Marc Watkins, a lecturer of writing and rhetoric at the University of Mississippi, says he is worried that students are lured by the time-saving promises of these tools and may not realize that using them can mean skipping the actual work it takes to internalize and remember the material.

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“From a teaching, learning standpoint, that's pretty concerning to me,” he says. “Because we want our students to struggle a little bit, to have a little bit of friction, because that's important for their learning.”

And he says new features are making it harder for teachers to encourage students to use AI in helpful ways — like teaching them how to craft prompts to change the writing level of something: “It removes that last level of desirable difficulty when they can just button mash and get a final draft and get feedback on the final draft, too.”

Even professors and colleges that have adopted AI policies may need to rethink them in light of these new types of capabilities.

As two professors put it in a recent op-ed, “Your AI Policy Is Already Obsolete.”

“A student who reads an article you uploaded, but who cannot remember a key point, uses the AI assistant to summarize or remind them where they read something. Has this person used AI when there was a ban in the class?” ask the authors, Zach Justus, director of faculty development at California State University, Chico, and Nik Janos, a professor of sociology there. They note that popular tools like Adobe Acrobat now have “AI assistant” features that can summarize documents with the push of a button. “Even when we are evaluating our colleagues in tenure and promotion files,” the professors write, “do you need to promise not to hit the button when you are plowing through hundreds of pages of student evaluations of teaching?”

Instead of drafting and redrafting AI policies, the professors argue that educators should work out broad frameworks for what is acceptable help from chatbots.

But Watkins calls on the makers of AI tools to do more to mitigate the misuse of their systems in academic settings, or as he put it when EdSurge talked with him, “to make sure that this tool that is being used so prominently by students [is] actually effective for their learning and not just as a tool to offload it.”

Uneven Accuracy

These new AI tools raise a host of new challenges beyond those at play when printed CliffsNotes were the study tool du jour.

One is that AI summarizing tools don’t always provide accurate information, due to a phenomenon of large language models known as “hallucinations,” when chatbots guess at facts but present them to users as sure things.

When Bonni Stachowiak first tried the podcast feature on Google’s NotebookLM, for instance, she said she was blown away by how lifelike the robot voices sounded and how well they seemed to summarize the documents she fed it. Stachowiak is the host of the long-running podcast, Teaching in Higher Ed, and dean of teaching and learning at Vanguard University of Southern California, and she regularly experiments with new AI tools in her teaching.

But as she tried the tool more, and put in documents on complex subjects that she knew well, she noticed occasional errors or misunderstandings. “It just flattens it — it misses all of this nuance,” she says. “It sounds so intimate because it’s a voice and audio is such an intimate medium. But as soon as it was something that you knew a lot about it’s going to fall flat.”

Even so, she says she has found the podcasting feature of NotebookLM useful in helping her understand and communicate bureaucratic issues at her university — such as turning part of the faculty handbook into a podcast summary. When she checked it with colleagues who knew the policies well, she says they felt it did a “perfectly good job.” “It is very good at making two-dimensional bureaucracy more approachable,” she says.

Peirce Caudell, of Indiana University, says her students have raised ethical issues with using AI tools as well.

“Some say they’re really concerned about the environmental costs of generative AI and the usage,” she says, noting that ChatGPT and other AI models require large amounts of computing power and electricity.

Others, she adds, worry about how much data users end up giving AI companies, especially when students use free versions of the tools.

“We're not having that conversation,” she says. “We're not having conversations about what does it mean to actively resist the use of generative AI?”

Even so, the instructor is seeing positive impacts for students, such as when they use a tool to help make flashcards to study.

And she heard about a student with ADHD who had always found reading a large text “overwhelming,” but was using ChatGPT “to get over the hurdle of that initial engagement with the reading and then they were checking their understanding with the use of ChatGPT.”

And Stachowiak says she has heard of other AI tools that students with intellectual disabilities are using, such as one that helps users break down large tasks into smaller, more manageable sub-tasks.

“This is not cheating,” she stresses. “It’s breaking things down and estimating how long something is going to take. That is not something that comes naturally for a lot of people.”

De terugkeer van Donald Trump als Amerikaans president, in combinatie met Nederlandse bezuinigingen op innovatie, vormt volgens Kamerlid Joris Thijssen (GroenLinks-PvdA) een serieuze bedreiging voor de economische veiligheid van Nederland. Deze zorgen stonden centraal tijdens een Kamerdebat over economische veiligheid op donderdag.  

Er worden miljarden bezuinigd 

Vrijheid en economische veiligheid zijn direct gekoppeld aan innovatie en onderzoek, stelde Thijssen. Hij uitte, net als eerder, felle kritiek op de kabinetsbezuinigingen in deze sectoren en waarschuwde dat Nederland hierdoor economisch kwetsbaarder en strategisch afhankelijker wordt van het buitenland. “Er worden miljarden bezuinigd op innovatie en onderwijs. En dat vormt een gevaar voor onze economie en economische veiligheid”, aldus Thijssen. 

Kamerlid Claire Martens-America van de VVD reageerde terughoudend en wilde niet direct een verband leggen tussen de bezuinigingen op het Nationaal Groeifonds en een verminderde economische veiligheid. Ze wees op de miljard euro die via InvestNL wordt geïnvesteerd in innovatie en R&D. 

In zijn repliek citeerde Thijssen oud-minister Adriaensens (VVD), die het Nationaal Groeifonds beschreef als “een belangrijk instrument” voor innovatie op het gebied van energietransitie, gezondheid en veiligheid. Hij benadrukte dat het fonds cruciaal is om “de nieuwe ASML van de toekomst” in Nederland te creëren, wat volgens hem bijdraagt aan wederzijdse afhankelijkheid met het buitenland en helpt handelsrelaties te behouden. 

Zorgen over ASML en geopolitieke spanningen 

Ook Volt heeft extra zorgen door de recente verkiezingsuitslag in de VS, bijvoorbeeld over de positie van ASML, zei Volt-Kamerlid Laurens Dassen. “Strategische autonomie bereik je door innovatieve bedrijven op het eigen continent te ondersteunen, vooral wanneer ze restricties opgelegd krijgen, ook vanuit de Verenigde Staten. Ik ben benieuwd hoe de minister kijkt naar de verwachtingen van ASML en de veranderende geopolitieke situatie. Denkt hij dat er mogelijk opnieuw exportrestricties opgelegd zullen worden, vooral gezien Trump’s kritische houding tegenover China?” 

Ook Dassen legde de link tussen economische veiligheid en het inperken van toekomstige risico’s. “Je creëert een veilige economie door jezelf in te dekken tegen de risico’s van morgen”, stelde hij. Volgens Dassen blijft het kabinet hier echter tekortschieten. “Hoewel het kabinet zegt te willen investeren in onderzoek en innovatie om risico’s te beperken, blijkt uit de begrotingen dat dit in de praktijk weinig concreet wordt opgepakt.” 

Bezuinigingen op kennis voor extra koopkracht 

Minister van Economische Zaken Dirk Beljaarts (PVV) verdedigde de bezuinigingen als een bewuste keuze om de koopkracht voor alle Nederlanders te verhogen. “Het kabinet vond het belangrijk om de koopkracht van Nederlanders te verbeteren. Dat betekent dat er op andere terreinen bezuinigd moet worden”, legde hij uit. Overigens neemt de koopkracht maar weinig toe; vooral de armste twintig procent van de Nederlanders gaat er amper op vooruit in de plannen van kabinet Schoof. 

Beljaarts benadrukte ook het belang van de VS als handelspartner. “De Verenigde Staten zijn, na Duitsland, onze belangrijkste handelspartner”, zei hij, terwijl hij waarschuwde dat de focus niet alleen op de VS gericht moet zijn. “Als we het over economische veiligheid hebben, is het natuurlijk een breed onderwerp, met veel meer belangen dan alleen de mogelijke impact van het Amerikaanse beleid.” 

De minister verzekerde de Kamer dat het kabinet de situatie rond Trump serieus neemt. “We zijn niet naïef”, verzekerde hij. “We overleggen actief met andere partijen en de Nederlandse banken. Tegelijkertijd moeten we niet te veel beren op de weg zien die er mogelijk niet zijn. Er is een verschil tussen gepaste voorzichtigheid en ongefundeerde zorgen.” 

Dassen en Thijssen confronteerden de minister vervolgens met het recente rapport van oud-ECB-president Mario Draghi, waarin wordt opgeroepen tot extra investeringen om de strategische concurrentiepositie te verbeteren. “Hoe rijmt de minister de bezuinigingen met de oproep van Draghi om door middel van investeringen in innovatie onze concurrentiepositie te versterken?” vroeg Dassen. “Zullen deze bezuinigingen bijdragen aan een veilige en autonome economie?” 

Draghi is niet overtuigend

Minister Beljaarts toonde zich terughoudend. “Het kabinet ziet waarde in de inzichten van Draghi, maar we willen de discussie graag loskoppelen van de financiële aspecten, omdat die de inhoudelijke discussie vertroebelen”, reageerde hij. De minister stelde ook dat hij de financiële onderbouwing van de oud-president van de Europese Centrale Bank niet geheel overtuigend vindt. “We hebben nooit gezegd dat we die 800 miljard per jaar onderschrijven. Sterker nog, de onderbouwing is voor ons eigen departement nog niet overtuigend, dus we zullen hierover nog vele gesprekken voeren.” 

Thijssen riep de minister op om zich sterker uit te spreken in het kabinet tegen de bezuinigingen op innovatie, die volgens hem in tegenspraak zijn met de aanbevelingen van Draghi. “Is het niet tijd dat deze minister teruggaat naar de ministerraad en met de vuist op tafel slaat om te zeggen dat die bezuinigingen van tafel moeten?”  

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Kritisch denken is een van de belangrijkste vaardigheden in het Westerse hoger onderwijs. De Westerse opvatting van kritisch denken is echter niet eenduidig. Zo kan ‘kritisch denken’ worden gezien als een set vaardigheden, een houding, of een mechanisme voor emancipatie en sociale rechtvaardigheid. Daarnaast is het Westerse begrip van kritisch denken anders dan het Chinese: waar de eerste meer neigt naar argumentatie en debat, is de tweede meer gericht op het zoeken naar harmonie en consensus.  

Chinese studenten in Westerse landen kunnen daarom moeilijkheden hebben met de vaardigheden en houdingen die bij het Westerse idee van kritisch denken horen, schrijven Schotse onderzoekers. Tegelijkertijd is maar liefst twintig procent van de buitenlandse master-studenten in het Verenigd Koninkrijk afkomstig uit China.  

De Schotse wetenschappers hebben daarom in kaart gebracht in hoeverre Chinese master-studenten, die slecht presteerden op het gebied van kritisch denken in het eerste deel van hun opleiding, gebaat zijn bij een cursus over kritisch denken.  

Kritisch denken in academische context 

De cursus vond plaats tussen het eind van het tweede semester en het begin van de scriptie-fase, en bestond uit vier bijeenkomsten van twee uur, verspreid over vier weken. Tijdens de bijeenkomsten gingen deelnemers bijvoorbeeld groepsgewijs in gesprek over een video of tekst die ze samen doornamen. Elke week kwam een ander thema aan bod, respectievelijk de lerende houding van de deelnemers, kritische leesvaardigheden, kritische schrijfvaardigheden, en de toepassing van kritisch denken bij het schrijven van een scriptie.  

Twintig van de 128 deelnemers deelden hun ervaringen en opbrengsten met de onderzoekers. Geen van hen had eerder aan Engelstalige opleiding gevolgd of andere training in kritisch denken gekregen dan de cursus in kwestie. 

Chinese studenten vatten het negatief op 

Omdat geen van de Chinese studenten eerder expliciet kritisch denken had moeten etaleren, betrof het eerste en grootste probleem de vertaling van het begrip, toont het onderzoek. Het Mandarijn kent namelijk geen vertaling van ‘kritisch denken’ waarin de Westerse conceptualisatie ervan precies wordt gevat, leerden de onderzoekers. “Het komt ongeveer neer op ‘bekritiseer iets of iemand’”, aldus meerdere respondenten. “We begrepen het allemaal op een negatieve manier.” 

Dat zou betekenen dat ze gevestigde academici zouden moeten bekritiseren, en daar voelden de respondenten zich niet prettig bij. “Hoe kan ik zo onprofessioneel zijn om academici uit te dagen of hen te bekritiseren?”, schetste een van hen haar ongemak. Niet alleen de negatieve lading van de Mandarijnse vertaling van ‘kritisch denken’ zorgde dus voor problemen, ook het bekritiseren van gevestigde academici vormde een uitdaging voor de Chinese master-studenten, schrijven de onderzoekers. 

Bekritiseren academici is onprofessioneel 

Ook de pedagogische verwachting van master-studenten speelde de Chinese studenten parten. Van master-studenten wordt veel autonomie verwacht, ook als het gaat om kritisch denken. De respondenten wisten bij aanvang van hun master-opleiding echter niet wat dat begrip precies betekende, en hadden daarom behoefte aan expliciete uitleg.  

“Ik vond het altijd onzinnig als we maar wat in groepjes discussieerden zonder te horen te krijgen wat het goede antwoord was”, aldus een respondent. De pedagogische benadering om autonomie te stimuleren kan dus slecht aansluiten bij de behoefte van sommige studenten. Docenten moeten daarop alert zijn en niet te snel aannames doen over de behoeften van studenten, benadrukken de onderzoekers 

Gaandeweg begonnen de Chinese master-studenten overigens wel voordelen van groepswerk te zien, aangezien zo duidelijk werd dat groepsgenoten vanuit verschillende perspectieven naar een kwestie keken. Doordat ze echter niet van meet af aan profiteerden van dat inzicht, konden ze die ervaring niet gebruiken bij opdrachten rondom kritisch denken in het eerste semester van hun master-opleiding, schrijven de onderzoekers.  

De vaak negatieve terugkoppeling op hun opdrachten die ze van docenten ontvingen, gaf hen wel een prikkel om meer na te denken over kritisch denken, maar ook dan bleef het aftasten. “Is dit dan kritisch? Telt dit als kritisch denken?”, verwoordde een van de respondenten haar vragen bij die terugkoppeling.  

Cursus hielp Chinese studenten 

In de cursus kritisch denken werd wel duidelijk aangegeven wat in het Westen bedoeld wordt met ‘kritisch denken’. “Tijdens de cursus bespraken we expliciet wat het betekent om kritisch naar een artikel te kijken, kritisch te schrijven en kritisch naar je eigen schrijven te kijken. Dat is heel behulpzaam, want het is specifieker dan wanneer ze je vertellen: ‘wees kritisch’”, liet een respondent optekenen.  

Negentien van de twintig respondenten waren positief over de cursus, schrijven de onderzoekers, en allen hadden ze liever de cursus al in hun eerste semester gehad. Dat is dan ook een van de aanbevelingen in de publicatie: biedt al vroeg in de master-opleiding zo’n cursus aan, waarbij onder andere directe uitleg wordt gebruikt.  

Geef Chinese studenten de juiste vertaling 

Docenten moeten zich ook bewust zijn van de verschillende connotaties bij de letterlijke vertaling van ‘kritisch denken’ naar het Mandarijn, aldus de onderzoekers. “Studenten vertaalden het begrip naar het Mandarijnse ‘pipanxing siwei’, wat kritiek op andermans werk suggereert. ‘Pingpanxing siwei’ of ‘pingjiexing siwei’, vormen van evaluerend denken, kunnen echter betere equivalenten zijn van het kritisch denken in het Westen.” 

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Het Bolognaproces heef forse impact gehad op de houding en perceptie van Europese studenten, blijkt uit recent pre-print onderzoek van Marco Giani, onderzoeker bij het Department of Political Economy aan het King’s College London. Giani onderzocht de gevolgen van de grootste onderwijshervorming in Europa, uitgevoerd tussen 1999 en 2010, en wilde achterhalen hoe veranderingen in het hoger onderwijs doorwerken in de ontwikkeling van jonge mensen. Daarmee raakt hij een belangrijk spanningsveld voor hoger-onderwijsinstellingen, die hun studenten enerzijds opleiden voor de arbeidsmarkt, en anderzijds tot maatschappelijk betrokken burgers. 

Toekomstige beleidsmakers 

Hoger-onderwijsinstellingen leiden de beleidsmakers en politici van de toekomst op. Volgens Giani oefenen zij daarmee een grote invloed uit op de politieke beleidsvorming in een land, en het Bologna-proces heeft weer impact gehad op hen.  

Het Bologna-proces was bedoeld om het Europese hoger onderwijs internationaal concurrerender te maken. De gevolgen voor hoger-onderwijsinstellingen zijn al langer duidelijk: de aanpassing van diploma’s en het gebruik van het ‘diploma supplement’ dwongen universiteiten ertoe om meer te concurreren om studenten aan te trekken. Dit leidde ertoe dat veel Europese universiteiten overstapten op Engels als onderwijstaal. De gevolgen voor de waarden van studenten waren tot voor kort echter onbekend.  

De eigen taal opofferen 

Door het Engelstalig aanbieden van hoger onderwijs werd de kwaliteit van leren en de ontwikkeling van de nationale taal bewust opgeofferd, schetst Giani. Dat geldt ook landen met een relatief hoge taalvaardigheid zoals Nederland, Vlaanderen, Noorwegen, Estland en Denemarken, zo benadrukt de onderzoeker. Het Engels werd geïntroduceerd als een manier om studenten voor te bereiden op de internationale arbeidsmarkt.  

Volgens Giani leidde de ‘politieke invloed’ van de EU, die haar economische macht binnen de globale context wilde versterken, tot een aanpassing van universiteiten in de richting van een Anglo-Saksisch model. Dat is meer gericht op de inzetbaarheid van afgestudeerden en de concurrentiepositie van landen. 

Isolatie van de causale effecten van hervormingen 

Voor het onderzoek maakte Giani gebruik van een verschil-in-verschil-analyse, waarbij hij cohorten studenten van voor en na de Bologna-hervormingen vergeleek. De studie omvatte tweeëntwintig Europese landen en hield rekening met verschillen tussen landen en tijdsperioden. Deze onderzoeksopzet maakte het mogelijk om de causale effecten van de hervormingen nauwkeurig vast te stellen, aldus Giani. 

De onderzoeker combineerde data uit verschillende bronnen, waaronder de European Social Survey (periode 2002-2022), aangevuld met gegevens uit de Labor Force Surveys, de World Values Survey, Eurobarometer onderzoeken, en nationale statistieken. Giani richtte zich specifiek op afgestudeerden geboren tussen 1978 en 1992, wat resulteerde in een steekproef van ruim zeventienduizend respondenten. 

Verandering in het waardenpatroon van studenten 

Door de Bologna-hervormingen is het waardenpatroon van studenten duidelijk verschoven, blijkt uit Giani’s onderzoeksresultaten. Het gehechte belang aan individueel succes en status nam toe met vijftien tot twintig procent, terwijl de nadruk op financieel gewin en materieel bezit met ongeveer tien procent steeg. Daartegenover staat een lichte daling in de waardering voor mondiale gelijkheid en milieubescherming. 

Deze verschuiving in waarden deed zich voor in verschillende landen en studierichtingen. Opmerkelijk genoeg ging de verandering niet gepaard met betere arbeidsmarktuitkomsten, wat juist het doel was van de Bologna-hervormingen. Na de Bologna-akkoorden rapporteren alumni geen hogere inkomens of betere banen. 

Arbeidsmarktuitkomsten blijven achter 

In zijn artikel staat Giani uitgebreid stil bij die opmerkelijke constatering. De enige significante verandering na de Bologna-hervormingen betreft een lichte toename in het aantal gewerkte uren: gemiddeld anderhalf uur per week. Betekenisvolle effecten op inkomen, werkloosheid, de kwaliteit van banen, de mate van specialisatie in het werk of vermogensopbouw blijven echter achterwege. 

Deze bevindingen cruciaal omdat ze aantonen dat de verschuiving in waardenpatronen niet verklaard kan worden door verbeterde economische vooruitzichten van studenten, benadrukt Giani. Dit suggereert dat de toegenomen nadruk op individueel succes en status rechtstreeks voortkomt uit de veranderde academische cultuur tijdens de studie zelf. 

De waardenverandering vindt plaats tijdens de studie 

Inderdaad vond deze verandering in waarden al plaats tijdens de studieperiode, niet door latere ervaringen op de arbeidsmarkt. Dit wijst erop dat de institutionele context en het academische klimaat een directe invloed hebben op de vorming van studenten. 

De marktgerichte hervormingen van het Bologna-proces hebben geleid tot een fundamentele verschuiving in de waardenoriëntatie van studenten, waarbij individueel succes belangrijker is geworden dan maatschappelijke betrokkenheid, concludeert het onderzoek. Deze verandering wordt voornamelijk toegeschreven aan de veranderde academische cultuur, en niet aan verbeterde arbeidsmarktposities. 

Aanbevelingen voor beleidsmakers en onderwijsinstellingen 

Beleidsmakers zouden de balans tussen arbeidsmarktgerichtheid en maatschappelijke vorming moeten heroverwegen, beveelt Giani aan. Daarnaast zouden curricula meer aandacht moeten hebben voor burgerschap en sociale betrokkenheid, en moeten de effecten van hervormingen op studentwaarden systematisch gemonitord worden. 

Onderwijsinstellingen wordt geadviseerd om in het onderwijs meer aandacht te besteden aan maatschappelijke vraagstukken. Giani bepleit bijvoorbeeld meer ruimte voor reflectie op de rol van hoger opgeleiden in de samenleving, en het stimuleren van niet-economische vormen van succes. Nu de groei in het aantal inschrijvingen in het Europese hoger onderwijs lijkt af te nemen, is het voor instellingen een goed moment om niet langer te focussen op massificatie, maar juist op het uitdragen van bredere culturele waarden, aldus Giani. 

The post Bologna-afspraken hebben studenten egoïstischer en materialistischer gemaakt  first appeared on ScienceGuide.

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CaHill Resources and subsidiary CAHill TECH have a mission to solve the labor gap in the trade space, with an initial focus on heavy highway, road, and bridge construction.

The company is committed to the vision of making trade-based training available to anyone, anytime. Using a digital platform and mobile application, they provide risk reduction and operational savings to construction companies that employ millions of frontline workers.

aQuiRe™ offers over 350 modules in their library, empowering users with knowledge about different subjects like Site Operations; Machine Inspection & Maintenance; OSHA & Field Safety, and much more.

In addition, aQuiRe Construction Academy is serving the “entry organizations” side of the market and offers diverse learning materials, including Module Videos, Resources, and Quizzes to cater to different learning styles. Whether a participant learns best through visual, auditory, or written means, the program provides an array of resources to support their unique needs. CaHill Resources is a certified WBE-DBE organization.

Currently, they support 29 municipal/private clients in New York State. They are also on the Eligible Training Provider List (ETPL) which will help gather students to complete the aQuiRe Construction Academy and receive construction training.

Upon the completion of a set of modules, learners earn a badge or micro-credential, signifying their achievement in the related Modules of Study. As participants progress and complete multiple micro-credentials under the same Library, they can earn different or multiple stackable credentials. These stackable credentials demonstrate that participants have acquired valuable knowledge and skills in construction training.

For these reasons and more, CaHill Resources earned a Cool Tool Award (finalist) for “Best Badging/Credentialing Solution” as part of The EdTech Awards 2024 and aQuiRe™ earned a Cool Tool Award Winner for “Best Mobile App Solution” as part of The EdTech Awards 2022 from EdTech Digest. Learn more. 

The post CaHill Resources appeared first on EdTech Digest.

A veteran edtech leader who hires shares his inside look and why he’s hopeful.

GUEST COLUMN | by Jason Wilmot 

Current college seniors have certainly faced a challenging journey. They enrolled in higher education during the pandemic, just after their high school years were abruptly interrupted by school shutdowns. They likely spent a significant portion of their college experience engaging in remote learning. Now, they are getting ready to step into the professional world in a time of deep uncertainty. Alongside worries about the economy, the impending influence of artificial intelligence on numerous sectors raises questions about the future of work and job security.

However, there is reason for optimism. I’ve been an edtech leader for two decades and frequently hire candidates who are early in their career. I believe that recent college graduates may be much better prepared for the workforce than they think they are.

‘However, there is reason for optimism. I’ve been an edtech leader for two decades and frequently hire candidates who are early in their career. I believe that recent college graduates may be much better prepared for the workforce than they think they are.‘

Yes, the professional landscape is changing quickly. However, the experiences that these soon-to-be college graduates have had, while challenging, may not necessarily be a disadvantage. If they embrace the positives of those experiences and commit to learning and working hard, they can still find success. Here are some of the characteristics I look for when hiring:

Structured Independence. The ability to operate independently is a huge strength and a key trait that recent graduates bring to the table. They’re entering the professional world with a wealth of experience in remote work. They’ve shown the capacity to maintain motivation and complete tasks without immediate supervision. They’ve tackled problems in a structured way, independently and in collaborative groups. Staying on task, managing school projects, engaging in group assignments and presentations, they’ve collaborated using technology to complete a task. All these experiences hold significant value in the professional realm.

I also appreciate candidates who have a diverse set of passions and interests that they pursue independently. I believe that broad experiences and knowledge lead to stronger teams and better ideas. It’s easy to think that the best way to prepare for a role in tech is to focus narrowly on internships and other experiences in the industry. These certainly can help, but great candidates who exhibit a more holistic range of experiences can often be more successful. Did you learn a new programming language during the pandemic lockdown? Do you volunteer with a local organization? Did you start a club? Do you play sports? Did you drive a hot dog-shaped truck around the country as part of a job for a meat company, as one of my recent new hires did? Don’t overlook the value of those experiences on your communication and collaboration skills.

Curiosity. A common question I get asked is whether I consider proficiency in AI skills as a prerequisite for hiring. The reality is, right now, there’s no definitive measure of AI proficiency. The technology is evolving at such a rapid pace that we’re all in a constant state of learning and adapting.

However, it’s a huge positive when a candidate has used AI tools. It demonstrates curiosity. When working in tech, it’s important to stay on the cutting edge – but that doesn’t always mean formal courses or training. Instead, I want to hire folks who are genuinely curious about new technology and see its potential. How can it make me more efficient? How can it improve the quality of my work? How can it help me prioritize and stay organized? Especially for recent graduates, I’m more interested in their mindset than their skills. After all, when it comes to technologies like AI, we’re all still students.

Visual Communication. In a visual world where so much of our communication happens remotely, the ability to present your ideas in a compelling and creative way is increasingly crucial. At Canva, the final step in our hiring process involves candidates completing a project and presenting it. We’re on the lookout for creativity and authenticity; we encourage you to take risks and let your personality shine. Animations, videos, and engaging graphics to tell a story with data are all welcome.

Recent graduates are in a prime position to excel in this area. They are constantly communicating through visuals – not only in their classes, but also through social media platforms like LinkedIn, TikTok, Snapchat, and Instagram. If they can intentionally refine their design skills and enhance their visual communication abilities, it’s a significant advantage.

The process of applying for that first job after college can seem daunting. However, recent graduates should not be disheartened. Their experiences and the challenges they’ve overcome have helped them to develop many skills that are extremely valuable in tech. If they lean into those skills while still being open to learning and adapting, they will find that they are not just ready, but well-prepared to make their mark in the tech world.

—

Jason Wilmot is Canva’s Head of Education. Connect with Jason on LinkedIn.

The post College Students, Don’t Despair: You May Be Better Prepared for the Workforce Than You Think appeared first on EdTech Digest.

How often do you come in contact with a conspiracy theory?

Maybe on occasion, when you flip through TV channels and land on an episode of “Ancient Aliens.” Or perhaps when a friend from high school shares a questionable meme on Facebook.

How confident are you in your ability to tell fact from fiction?

If you’re a teen, you could be exposed to conspiracy theories and a host of other pieces of misinformation as frequently as every day while scrolling through your social media feeds.

That’s according to a new study by the News Literacy Project, which also found that teens struggle with identifying false information online. This comes at a time when media literacy education isn’t available to most students, the report finds, and their ability to distinguish between objective and biased information sources is weak. The findings are based on responses from more than 1,000 teens ages 13 to 18.

“News literacy is fundamental to preparing students to become active, critically thinking members of our civic life — which should be one of the primary goals of a public education,” Kim Bowman, News Literacy Project senior research manager and author of the report, said in an email interview. “If we don’t teach young people the skills they need to evaluate information, they will be left at a civic and personal disadvantage their entire lives. News literacy instruction is as important as core subjects like reading and math.”

Telling Fact from Fiction

About 80 percent of teens who use social media say they see content about conspiracy theories in their online feeds, with 20 percent seeing conspiracy content every day.

“They include narratives such as the Earth being flat, the 2020 election being rigged or stolen, and COVID-19 vaccines being dangerous,” the News Literacy Project’s report found.

While teens don’t believe every conspiracy theory they see, 81 percent who see such content online said they believe one or more.

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Bowman noted, “As dangerous or harmful as they can be, these narratives are designed to be engaging and satisfy deep psychological needs, such as the need for community and understanding. Being a conspiracy theorist or believing in a conspiracy theory can become a part of someone’s identity. It’s not necessarily a label an individual is going to shy away from sharing with others.”

At the same time, the report found that the bar for offering media literacy is low. Just six states have guidelines for how to teach media literacy, and only three make it a requirement in public schools.

Less than 40 percent of teens surveyed reported having any media literacy instruction during the 2023-24 school year, according to the analysis.

Credible Sources

As part of gathering data for the report, teens were asked to try their hand at distinguishing between different types of information they might encounter online. They were also challenged to identify real or fake photos and judge whether an information source is credible.

The study asked participants to identify a series of articles as advertisements, opinion or news pieces.

More than half of teens failed to identify branded content — a newsy-looking piece on plant-based meat in the Washington Post news app — as an advertisement. About the same amount didn’t realize that an article with “commentary” in the headline was about the author’s opinion.

They did better at recognizing Google’s “sponsored” results as ads, but about 40 percent of teens said they thought it meant those results were popular or of high quality. Only 8 percent of teens correctly categorized the information in all three examples.

In another exercise, teens were asked to identify which of two pieces of content about Coca-Cola’s plastic waste was more credible: a press release from Coca-Cola or an article from Reuters. The results were too close for comfort for the report, with only 56 percent of teens choosing the Reuters article as more trustworthy.

Brand recognition could have played a role in teens’ decision to choose Coca-Cola over Reuters, Bowman says, a feeling that a more-recognizable company was more credible.

“Whatever the reason, I do think news organizations engaging young people on social media and building up trust and recognition there could have the potential to move the needle on a question like this in the future,” Bowman said.

Checking the Facts

Where teens did feel confident spotting hoaxes was with visuals.

Two-thirds of study participants said they could do a reverse Google image search to find the original source of an image. About 70 percent of teens could correctly distinguish between an AI-generated image and a real photograph.

To test teens’ ability to spot misinformation, they were asked whether a social media photo of a melting traffic light was “strong evidence that hot temperatures in Texas melted traffic lights in July 2023.”

Most teens answered correctly, but about one-third still believed the photo alone was strong evidence that the claim about melting traffic lights was true.

Bowman said that the fact that there was no difference in students’ performance when results were analyzed by their age leaves her wondering if teens “of all ages have received the message that they can’t always believe their eyes when it comes to the images they see online.”

“Their radars seem to be up when it comes to identifying manipulated, misrepresented, or completely fabricated images,” Bowman continued. “Especially with the recent advancements and availability of generative AI technologies, I wonder if it may be harder to convince them of the authenticity of a photo that is actually real and verified than to convince them that an image is false in some way.”

When it came to sharing on social media, teens expressed a strong desire to make sure their posts contained correct information. So how are they fact-checking themselves, given a minority of teens actively follow news or have taken media literacy classes?

Among teens who said they verify news before sharing, Bowman said they’re engaged in lateral reading, which she described as “a quick internet search to investigate the post’s source” and a method employed by professional fact-checkers.

Given a random group of teens, Bowman posited they would most likely use much less effective ways of judging a source’s credibility, based on factors like a website’s design or URL.

“In other words, previous research shows that young people tend to rely on outdated techniques or surface-level criteria to determine a source’s credibility,” Bowman explained. “If schools across the country implemented high-quality news literacy instruction, I am confident we can debunk old notions of how to determine credibility that are no longer effective in today’s information landscape and, instead, teach young people research-backed verification techniques that we know work.”

Actively Staying Informed

While conspiracy theories surface commonly for teens, they’re not necessarily arming themselves with information to stave them off.

Teens are split on whether they trust the news. Just over half of teens said that journalists do more to protect society than to harm it. Nearly 70 percent said news organizations are biased, and 80 percent believe news organizations are either more biased or about the same as other online content creators.

A minority of teens — just 15 percent — actively seek out news to stay informed.

The study also asked teens to list news sources they trusted to provide accurate and fair information.

CNN and Fox News received the most endorsements, with 178 and 133 mentions respectively. TMZ, NPR and the Associated Press were equally matched with 12 mentions each.

Local TV news was the most trusted news medium, followed by TikTok.

Teens agree on at least one thing: A whopping 94 percent said schools should be required to offer some degree of media literacy.

“Young people know better than anyone how much they are expected to learn before graduation so, for so many teens to say they would welcome yet another requirement to their already overfull plate, is a huge deal and a big endorsement for the importance of a media literacy education,” Bowman said.

Throughout the study, students who had any amount of media literacy education did better on the study’s test questions than their peers. They were more likely to be active news seekers, trust news outlets and feel more confident in their ability to fact-check what they see online.

And, in a strange twist, students who get media literacy in school report seeing more conspiracy theories on social media — perhaps precisely because they have sharper media literacy skills.

“Teens with at least some media literacy instruction, who keep up with news, and who have high

trust in news media are all more likely to report seeing conspiracy theory posts on social media at least once a week,” according to the report. “These differences could indicate that teens in these subgroups are more adept at spotting these kinds of posts or that their social media algorithms are more likely to serve them these kinds of posts, or both.”

How secure is your network IT? How easy is it to keep up with rapidly evolving demands?

GUEST COLUMN | by Tom Rixom

Network security within higher education has significantly transformed as institutions reevaluate their security frameworks to repel increasingly sophisticated cybersecurity threats. Recent research found that 79% of higher education providers reported being hit by ransomware in 2023, up from 64% in 2022. The average data breach cost in the higher education and training sector was $3.65 million between March 2022 and March 2023, an increase of 2.3% over the year before and a 15.3% surge since 2020.

The problem isn’t going away. With hackers targeting younger and younger students, today’s colleges and universities are part of a larger ecosystem that must meet increasingly demanding security realities to protect the network and the individuals within their community.

‘…today’s colleges and universities are part of a larger ecosystem that must meet increasingly demanding security realities to protect the network and the individuals within their community.’

Modern Challenges for Campus IT

Traditional, credential-based security measures have proven inadequate to secure campus networks. They’re frustrating for IT staff and users alike, who must frequently authenticate via credentials on multiple devices to networks (such as the university’s WiFi) or be forced to change passwords on arbitrary timelines. 

IT teams are racing to adopt security methods to withstand today’s threats without adding headaches for faculty, staff, or students. They know that introducing unnecessary friction, such as burdensome security measures, means that users often find workarounds; nearly seven in ten admins worry that adding additional security measures negatively impacts the user experience. It’s not enough to educate and train users: if a process is complicated or labor-intensive, you’ll annoy users and weaken your security posture.

Campus IT management is also complicated by the need to support a complex device environment. Students, faculty, and staff rely on a mix of desktops, laptops, tablets, phones, and  IoT devices running on various operating systems like Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android and more. Such device diversity makes uniform security measures complicated—if not impossible. It can be difficult to manually onboard users under bring your own device (BYOD)  policies due to the different operating systems, wireless utilities, drivers, and more. Trying to manually configure a device to attain the WPA2-Enterprise standard isn’t easy; incorrectly configured devices can leave users and the network vulnerable to over-the-air attacks.

Higher Education institutions face another challenge in the cost and limitations of on-premise infrastructure. Many depend on on-premise public key infrastructure (PKI) and RADIUS servers, which limit scalability and burden IT admins with getting and keeping everything running smoothly. Maintaining these systems requires significant IT resources for ongoing management, updates, and security, which can divert IT time from other strategic priorities.

Network Security for the Long-Term

As institutions tackle these challenges, they’re looking to build an IT environment with robust network security that’s simple for users and agile enough to adapt to evolving needs and threats. Cloud computing and digital transformation have rendered many legacy processes and hardware obsolete and help Higher Ed institutions demonstrate their commitment to an innovative—and inherently secure—environment.

Implement a few best practices that will help your campus transition to more effective network security:

Create a plan that provides ongoing monitoring: Continuous monitoring and access management automatically checks the security status and compliance of all connected devices in real time. With it, IT teams can quickly identify and respond to potential threats, adjusting access permissions based on a device’s health or a user’s identity. For example, if a device is found to be infected with malware, the system could automatically restrict its access to sensitive resources until the issue is resolved.

Consider cloud-based managed PKI solutions: Transitioning to a cloud-based PKI solution enables institutions to efficiently manage certificates and authorities, alleviating the burdens associated with on-premise infrastructure. By eliminating the need for extensive physical infrastructure, institutions can scale security measures up or down without major investments in hardware or a dedicated IT team for maintenance. It also allows for quicker deployment of certificates, enhances security with up-to-date technology, and reduces overall operational costs and complexities associated with managing an on-premise PKI system.

Move toward passwordless authentication: Implementing digital certificates for authentication, managed through cloud services, provides a more secure and user-friendly alternative to traditional password-based systems. Tied to a user’s device, certificate authentication can be set for just a semester or for years. This eliminates the need for students, faculty, and staff to reset their passwords every few months or whenever they log into a device or an application or reconnect to the university’s Wi-Fi. It also eliminates the threats introduced by users’ sloppy password management (reusing or sharing passwords, etc.).

Smart cards: Smart cards serve as physical tokens that store certificates for secure authentication, and offer a robust multi-layered authentication mechanism that significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access for personnel who access more sensitive systems and require greater security. This process can be introduced gradually by initially equipping IT teams with certificate-backed smart cards and then rolled out to the broader staff and faculty user base. Campuses leveraging smart cards and extended certificate-based authentication can offer multi-OS support to simplify login processes and enhance security across a broad range of devices.

Securing the School, Securing its Community

Institutions can create a more secure, efficient, and user-friendly network environment by incorporating digital certificates and employing cloud-based solutions for PKI management and RADIUS authentication. This approach offers seamless access while significantly reducing the potential for security breaches.

Today’s threats to network security require Higher Ed to respond with a more adaptable, efficient, and secure security approach. A cloud-forward and flexible approach eliminates the burdens of aging, credential-heavy systems, and on-premise hardware. Instead, it positions institutions with the agility to meet today’s needs while preparing for tomorrow’s challenges.

— 

Tom Rixom is the CTO of SecureW2 and a US-Eduroam committee subject matter expert. Connect with Tom on LinkedIn. 

The post Higher Standards for Higher Ed Network Security appeared first on EdTech Digest.

A music education game with fish to teach note names, ChimeCandy was made by Richard Hurley of Hurley Piano for kids with special needs at the Williams Community School, a dedicated special needs school in Austin, Texas. A music puzzle game set in the ocean where fish swim to unlock the sound of notes in the current, players drag the fish diagonally down the screen to the right and drop the fish into its note slot. They’ll hear the note sound when they do so.  

Interns from Austin Community College wrote the code; the development team includes: Angel Barbosa Olivares, Lenny Muldoon, Clinton Nyagaka, Wayne Stovey, and Richard Hurley.

“The game does for note learning what ABC does for alphabet learning,” says Richard. “It is an early introduction to pre music lessons learning in music.”

The game, for now, can only be played on destop and laptop. iOS and Android are in the works. ChimeCandy earned a Cool Tool Award (finalist) for “Best Arts, Music or Creativity Solution” as part of The EdTech Awards 2024 from EdTech Digest. Learn more. 

The post ChimeCandy from Hurley Piano appeared first on EdTech Digest.

With all the talk of the downsides of smartphones for teenagers, parents have looked to smartwatches as a way to stay in contact with their young children while avoiding the full internet and social media access of a phone.

At least that was the narrative a couple of years ago. But more recently, more companies have been marketing smartwatches to kids as young as 4 and 5 years old. And at younger ages, it’s not the kids asking for the devices, but parents looking to keep tabs on their children out of concern for their safety.

That’s what EdSurge senior reporter Emily Tate Sullivan found when she spent months researching the recent boom in smartwatches for kids, for a feature story that EdSurge co-published with WIRED magazine last week.

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“The worst case scenario in the minds of the parents I talked to is just always looming,” she says. “These parents think, ‘If there's a school shooting, if there's a lockdown, I want to be able to communicate with my child in that locked down classroom. If they are abducted, I want to be able to know exactly where they are. Maybe there's still a watch on their wrist and I can track them.’ I mean, these are things that are so improbable, but it doesn't really matter. The fear is pervasive. It's a really powerful force.”

But while parents focus on physical safety as they hand kids smartwatches, they may not be considering the downsides of starting a digital life so early, according to digital media experts. And schools are increasingly seeing the devices as a distraction — sometimes from parents texting their kids during the school day. Yet watches are often not included in school bans on smartphones, and they’re not always mentioned in the conversation about the effects of digital devices on children.

For this week’s EdSurge Podcast, we go behind the story with an interview with Tate Sullivan, including details that she wasn’t able to fit into the final piece. And in the second half of the episode, the author reads the full article, so you can catch this story in podcast form.

Listen to the episode on Spotify, Apple Podcasts or on the player below.

Tijdens een debat in Nieuwspoort, georganiseerd door NWO, gingen beleidsmakers in gesprek over het rapport van Mario Draghi. De oud-president van de ECB stelde onlangs voor om honderden miljarden extra te investeren in Europees onderzoek en innovatie. Dat is nodig om niet verder achterop te raken bij grootmachten zoals China en de VS. De sprekers waren het hierover eens, maar benadrukten dat dit om duidelijke keuzes vraagt. Ook de gevolgen van de huidige bezuinigingen, die nu al zichtbaar zijn bij de universiteiten in Leiden en Utrecht bij de kleine talenstudies, vragen hierom. 

Van koeien en kippen moeten we het niet meer hebben 

Volgens NWO-voorzitter Marcel Levi is het “een verwarrende tijd voor de Nederlandse wetenschap, om het voorzichtig uit te drukken. Er komen steeds meer signalen dat de toekomst van Europa, maar zeker ook die van Nederland, voor een belangrijk deel afhankelijk is van ons vermogen om iets te doen met kennis, innovatie en wetenschap – iets waar we juist heel goed in zijn. Ik heb al vaker gezegd: van de koeien en de kippen hoeven we het in de toekomst echt niet meer te hebben. Dat is eigenlijk precies wat Draghi ook zegt.” 

Het Nederlandse kabinet doet echter juist het tegenovergestelde, zei Levi. “Iedereen zegt steeds dat dit kabinet 1 miljard bezuinigt, omdat dat zo’n fijn rond getal is, maar het is veel meer dan dat, omdat ook het Groeifonds is opgeschort. Het gaat om een aantal miljarden.” 

Ook Laurens Dassen, voorman van VOLT, ziet een groot gat tussen de ambitie van Draghi en het beleid van het kabinet. “Draghi gebruikte heel duidelijke woorden over de urgentie en het belang van investeren. Als we als Europa niet een soort openluchtmuseum willen worden, moeten we echt samen die investeringen doen.” 

Het kabinet zegt wel dit te begrijpen, aldus Dassen, maar hij is minder enthousiast over de conclusies die het kabinet hieraan verbindt. “Je ziet dat dit kabinet het tegenovergestelde doet en daar ook heel open over is. Ze zeggen dat ze nu investeren in de korte termijn, zodat de welvaart tijdelijk groter wordt, maar dat dit ten koste gaat van de toekomst. Helaas wordt er nu gekozen voor beleid dat ten koste gaat van onze innovatiekracht, banen en uiteindelijk ook de welvaart op de lange termijn.” 

Vergelijking met Amerika baart zorgen 

De voorzitter van de TU Eindhoven, Robbert-Jan Smits, die zijn carrière heeft opgebouwd als topambtenaar in het Europese innovatiebeleid, ziet met zorg de vergelijking die Draghi met Amerika maakt. “In de Verenigde Staten is het bruto binnenlands product sinds de jaren negentig met 30 procent gegroeid ten opzichte van Europa. Kijk je naar de arbeidsproductiviteit, dan is die daar veel hoger, en ook de winstgevendheid van bedrijven ligt in Amerika 20 procent hoger dan bij ons.” 

Europa heeft dus een probleem, aldus Smits. “Met de huidige geopolitieke situatie en mogelijke politieke veranderingen in de VS, kan dat enorme gevolgen hebben. Wij als EU worden geplet in de strijd tussen China en Amerika, en we moeten onze eigen positie versterken, maar daarvoor is een gevoel van urgentie nodig.” 

Duitsland onder druk 

Volgens Smits laat Duitsland momenteel zien dat het de verkeerde kant opgaat met Europa. “Alles lijkt nu goed te gaan: er is geen werkloosheid, en we hebben het goed. Maar is er een crisis nodig om die stap vooruit te maken? In Duitsland is die crisis al begonnen. Kijk naar Volkswagen, BASF en de fabrieken die daar sluiten. Er staat behoorlijk wat te gebeuren, en waarschijnlijk al op korte termijn, vrees ik.” 

Positief is volgens Smits dat ook Nederland dit nu begint in te zien, al was daarvoor eerst een dreigement van ASML nodig. “Op dit moment zie ik een positieve ontwikkeling in de Semicon-sector. In Den Haag lijkt nu een duidelijk besef te bestaan, maar ook hier was een crisis nodig voordat er echt beweging kwam, bijvoorbeeld toen ASML dreigde Nederland te verlaten. Nu wordt er een nationale strategie voor halfgeleiders ontwikkeld, wat een zeer positieve ontwikkeling is.” 

Herschikking van universiteiten gewenst 

NWO-voorzitter Levi pleitte tijdens het debat voor een lichte herschikking van het universitaire landschap in Nederland. “In Nederland proberen we min of meer alle universiteiten op topniveau te brengen. Maar je kunt er ook voor kiezen om niet elke universiteit op dat niveau te tillen, maar juist enkele te selecteren. Dat past echter niet helemaal bij onze Nederlandse volksaard.” 

De filosofie van “pieken op een hoogvlakte” spreekt Levi wel aan. “Ik denk dat het goed is dat we, ook vanuit onze onderwijsfunctie, supergoede universiteiten hebben waar mensen op hoog niveau worden opgeleid. Ik zou het echter geen probleem vinden als we op een aantal specifieke onderwerpen echt zouden uitblinken.” 

Specialisatie van universiteiten 

Smits kon zich goed vinden in Levi’s idee. “Ik ben het hier volledig mee eens. Dit noemen we ‘smart specialisation’, een term die we ook in Brussel gebruiken. Daar moeten we naartoe. Kijk naar landbouwkundig onderzoek: dan moet je in Wageningen zijn, voor luchtvaart in Delft, en voor de Semicon-industrie zit zeventig procent rondom Eindhoven.” 

Smits merkt echter op dat dit lastiger blijkt in de praktijk, nu hij al enkele jaren bestuursvoorzitter is van een universiteit. “Het maken van keuzes blijft moeilijk, en binnen universiteiten wordt er nog meer vergaderd dan in Brussel – iets wat niemand zou geloven, maar het is wel zo.” 

Het is volgens Smits daarom betreurenswaardig dat er niet blijvend wordt geïnvesteerd in kennis. “Draghi benadrukt twee zaken: investeer in kennis en zorg dat internationaal talent hierheen komt, zelfs uit de VS. Helaas nemen kabinetsmaatregelen nu juist maatregelen die de instroom van internationaal toptalent beperken, terwijl we dat meer dan ooit nodig hebben, ook om demografische redenen.” 

Levi wees erop dat veel wetenschappelijk werk in Nederland door gastonderzoekers uit andere landen wordt uitgevoerd. “Een aanzienlijk deel van de ERC-beurzen, waar we trots op zijn, wordt toegekend aan buitenlandse onderzoekers. Het kabinet maakt het hen echter moeilijker om hier te werken, wat ik zie als een gebrek aan visie.” 

Zorgen over bepaalde groepen buitenlanders 

Dat dit kabinet het kenniswerkers moeilijker wil maken, vindt de NWO-voorzitter laakbaar. “Misschien komt het voort uit zorgen over bepaalde groepen buitenlanders die men liever niet binnen de landsgrenzen ziet. Wat je daar ook van vindt, maar dat zou je niet op kenniswerkers van toepassing moeten laten zijn.” 

Ook VOLT-Kamerlid Dassen sprak tijdens in Nieuwspoort zijn zorgen uit over deze maatregelen. “Deze maatregel is op meerdere vlakken zeer kostbaar en ineffectief. Als je wilt dat toptalent zich aan universiteiten blijft ontwikkelen, moet je er ook voor zorgen dat deze mensen uiteindelijk hier kunnen doceren. Ze komen hier naartoe omdat ze internationaal onderzoek kunnen doen. Als het beleid wordt dat alles in het Nederlands moet, dan wordt er een signaal afgegeven dat we eigenlijk niet zoveel mensen van buiten willen aantrekken, en dat schaadt ons enorm.” 

Zorgen over talenstudies en internationalisering universiteiten 

Dassen uitte ook zijn zorgen over de bezuinigingen op talenstudies in Leiden en Utrecht, waar nu volledige studies verdwijnen, bijvoorbeeld Keltisch. Terwijl VVD-Kamerlid Claire Martens onlangs liet optekenen dat ze liever voor kwantummechanica kiest dan voor genderstudies, ziet Dassen vooraleerst die noodgedwongen keuze als een probleem. 

“Ik denk dat we als samenleving het onderspit delven als we zulke keuzes maken”, zei het Kamerlid. “De kennis die verloren gaat, kan internationaal van waarde zijn en is maatschappelijk relevant. Als je met het mes op de keel kiest tussen genderstudies en kwantummechanica, maak je een verkeerde keuze voor de korte termijn.” 

Robert-Jan Smits herinnerde zich dat het maken van keuzes over wie wat aanbiedt niet nieuw is. “We weten nog dat sterrenkunde van Utrecht naar Leiden verhuisde en Portugees van Utrecht naar Leiden ging. Universiteiten hebben vaker bekeken wat hun unieke selling point is, maar ik vind dat er nu onvoldoende overleg plaatsvindt. Ik denk dat we dit samen moeten doen, en ik heb dit ook op de agenda gezet.” 

Dit is een crisisperiode voor universiteiten 

Volgens Smits ontslaat dit universiteiten niet van hun taak om te kijken waarin Nederland echt wil uitblinken. “Dit is immers een crisisperiode voor de universiteiten, met 3,3 miljard aan bezuinigingen over een paar jaar. We moeten daarom kijken hoe we via smart specialisation onze sterke punten kunnen benutten en welke grote keuzes daarbij horen. Daarvoor moet je echt samen om tafel zitten.” 

Gezamenlijk proberen universiteiten te bepalen hoe ze door deze periode kunnen komen, aldus Smits. “Zoals Marcel Levi al zei, zou het wenselijk zijn als we in Nederland twee universiteiten hebben die tot de wereldtop behoren. Door ons op specifieke specialisaties te richten, kan dat bereikt worden.” 

The post ‘Bezuinigingen dwingen tot nieuwe keuzes: waarin willen universiteiten goed zijn?’  first appeared on ScienceGuide.

Het bericht ‘Bezuinigingen dwingen tot nieuwe keuzes: waarin willen universiteiten goed zijn?’  verscheen eerst op ScienceGuide.

An expert shares insight and guidance into an area of growing concern. 

GUEST COLUMN | by Jordan Adair

Artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education continues to expand into more aspects of student learning. Initially, some administrators and faculty pointed to possible data privacy or ethical concerns with AI, but the larger focus now is how generative AI, such as ChatGPT and Google Gemini, makes it easier for students to submit work or assessments that lack original content. 

As AI adoption and academic concerns grow, educators may need to rethink how students learn, how student demonstrate understanding of a topic, and how assessments are designed and administered to measure learning and practical application. This may require institutions to throw out the “business-as-usual” approach, especially when it comes to anything involving writing, whether it’s essays or online exams. 

‘As AI adoption and academic concerns grow, educators may need to rethink how students learn, how student demonstrate understanding of a topic, and how assessments are designed and administered to measure learning and practical application.’

As higher education institutions look to maintain academic integrity, staying ahead of how students use AI is critical. Some tools exist to detect and monitor AI use, but are these tools fixing a problem or leaving a void? 

Getting Ahead of the Game

Institutions should familiarize themselves with the potential of large language models in education and open transparent communication channels to discuss AI with stakeholders, including researchers and IT support. This can help set a baseline for potential policies or actions.

Developing a dedicated committee may be beneficial as institutions create and implement new policies and guidelines for using AI tools, develop training and resources for students, faculty, and staff on academic integrity, and encourage the responsible use of AI in education.

Unlike contract cheating, using AI tools isn’t automatically unethical. On the contrary, as AI will permeate society and professions in the near future, there’s a need to discuss the right and wrong ways to leverage AI as part of the academic experience.

Some AI tools, especially chatbots like ChatGPT, present specific academic integrity challenges. While institutions strive to equip students for an AI-driven future, they also need to ensure that AI doesn’t compromise the integrity of the educational experience. 

Study Results Paint a Grim Picture

As AI evolves and is adopted more broadly, colleges and universities are exploring how to implement better detection methods effectively. While some existing detection tools show promise, they all struggle to identify AI-generated writing accurately.

AI and plagiarism detection are similar but different. Both aim to detect unoriginal content, but their focus is different. AI detection looks for writing patterns, like word choice and sentence structure, to identify AI-generated text. Plagiarism detection compares text against huge databases to identify copied or paraphrased content from other sources.

Looking at a growing level of research, there are strong concerns about these tools’ inabilities to detect AI. One study tested the largest commercial plagiarism and AI detection tool against ChatGPT-generated text. It was found that when text is unaltered, the detection tool effectively detects it as AI-generated. However, when Quillbot paraphrased it, the score dropped to 31% and 0% after two rephrases. Another 2024 experiment of the same AI detection software showed the same results: it can accurately detect unaltered AI content but struggles when tools like Quillbot make changes. Unfortunately, this experiment also highlighted how AI detection is completely unable—with 0% success—to detect AI content that has been altered by AI designed to humanize AI-generated text. 

In another instance, a recent International Journal for Educational Integrity study tested 14 AI detection tools—12 publicly available and two commercial—against ChatGPT:

• AI detection tools are inaccurate: they often mistakenly identify AI-generated text as human-written and struggle to detect AI content translated from other languages.

• Manually editing responses reduces the accuracy of detection tools: swapping words, reordering sentences, and paraphrasing decreased the accuracy of the detection tools.

Finally, a 2023 study titled “Will ChatGPT Get You Caught? Rethinking of Plagiarism Detection” fed 50 ChatGPT-generated essays into two text-matching software systems from the largest and most well-known plagiarism tool. The results of the submitted essays “demonstrated a remarkable level of originality stirring up alarms of the reliability of plagiarism check software used by academia.”

AI chatbots are improving at writing, and more effective prompts help them generate more human-like content. In the examples above, AI detection tools from the biggest companies to the free options were tested against various content types, including long-form essays and short-form assignments across different subjects and domains. No matter the size or content type, they all struggled to detect AI. While AI detection tools can help as a high-level gut check, they’re still mostly ineffective, as shown by the many studies.

Up the Ante Against Cheating

Given the ineffectiveness of AI detection tools, academic institutions must consider alternative methods to curb AI usage and protect integrity.

One option is to consider a modified approach to written assignments and essays. Instead of traditional written assessments, try scaffolded assignments that require input on one subject over a series of tests. You can also ask students to share their opinions on specific class discussions or request that they cite examples from class. 

Another option is instructing students to review an article or a case study. Then, ask them to reply to specific questions that require them to think critically and integrate their opinions and reasoning. Doing this makes it challenging to use AI content tools because they do not have enough context to formulate a usable response.

Institutions can also proctor written assignments like an online exam. This helps to block
AI usage and removes access or help from phones. Proctoring can be very flexible, allowing access to specific approved sites, such as case studies, research articles, etc., while blocking everything else.

Protecting Academic Integrity

If proctoring is being used, consider a hybrid proctoring solution that combines AI, human review, and a secure browser rather than just one of those methods. Hybrid proctoring uses
AI to monitor each test taker and alert a live proctor if potential misconduct is detected. Once alerted, the proctor reviews the situation and only intervenes if misconduct is suspected. Otherwise, the test taker isn’t interrupted. This smarter proctoring approach delivers a much less intimidating and noninvasive testing experience than human-only platforms.

Preserving the integrity of exams and protecting the reputation of faculty and institutions is incredibly important to continue attracting high-potential students. AI tools are here to stay; schools don’t need to stay ahead of them. Instead, understand how students use AI, modify how learning is delivered, use AI to your benefit when possible, and create clear and consistent policies so students understand how and where they can ethically leverage the latest in AI.  

—

Jordan Adair is VP of Product at Honorlock. Jordan began his career in education as an elementary and middle school teacher. After transitioning into educational technology, he became focused on delivering products designed to empower instructors and improve the student experience. Connect with Jordan on LinkedIn. 

The post Beyond AI Detection: Rethinking Our Approach to Preserving Academic Integrity appeared first on EdTech Digest.

Writable scaffolds student learning and builds lifelong writing and reading skills for students in grades 3-12, while saving teachers time on daily instruction and feedback.

Writable is research-backed and an award-winning solution used by over 16,000 schools and districts. It’s proven to save teachers time, increase assessment scores, and grow proficient student writers.

Writable has long been a leader in AI support for teachers and students with popular features like GrammarAid, Originality Check, and RevisionAid. Writable’s new generative AI-powered tools for teachers help to increase teacher confidence and agency, scale the impact of teaching by reaching every student in the moment with targeted, skill-aligned feedback, and save a ton of time without any setup needed. These tools help to:

• Unlock creativity and save time on prep with AI-powered prompt suggestions and AI assisted assignments (including AI-generagted multiple choice questions and answer keys).
• Increase the impact of your feedback with AI-suggested comments that drive revision.
• Save time and build grading confidence with GradeAssist (AI-generated scores).
• Protect authentic learning with the AI-writing indicator from TII and Authorship Alerts from Writable.
• AI scoring and commenting are configurable at the district level.

Writable also offers student safe AI features. As students write and review they can access (teacher-selected) on-demand feedback tools. These AI-powered tools guide students to improve their writing in the moment. These include GrammarAid, which provides suggestions for grammar, mechanics, and styfle, RevisionAid, which provides students with on-demand feedback on structure and organization, and Originality Check from Turnitin to help students cite sources and check authenticity.

For these reasons and more, Writable earned a Cool Tool Award (finalist) for “Best AI Solution” as part of The EdTech Awards 2024 from EdTech Digest. Learn more. 

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To counter misconceptions, ease fears, and encourage positive attitudes and constructive uses of the tools it provides, schools need to start educating young children about AI. 

GUEST COLUMN | by Mitch Rosenberg and Jason Innes

PYGMALION AND GALATEA, FRANKENSTEIN, JOHN HENRY, ROSSUM’S ROBOTS

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a fundamental part of modern society, but misconceptions about its role and capabilities are widespread. Much of the talk about AI focuses on it as an existential threat, a super-intelligent replacement of humanity, or simply a way to cheat. A much healthier view of AI is as a powerful new tool created by human engineers for the purpose of advancing human agency. To counter misconceptions and help develop positive, constructive attitudes about AI tools and their uses, schools must start teaching about AI early.  For early childhood educators, introducing AI concepts to young learners isn’t just about technology skills—it’s about shaping how the next generation interacts with the world.

‘For early childhood educators, introducing AI concepts to young learners isn’t just about technology skills—it’s about shaping how the next generation interacts with the world.’

Deep-Rooted Misconceptions about AI

Like the rest of us, young students are surrounded by false narratives about AI replacing human workers, writers, and thinkers. These narratives can frighten and confuse children, and ultimately lead to misuse of the promising tools that AI provides. But schools have an opportunity to counter misconceptions about AI, by teaching students how AI works and what it can actually do. 

Where do these misconceptions come from? The roots of our AI-related fears trace back to cultural myths and literature about human beings breathing life into their creations—only to see them turn on us. From the Greek myth of Pygmalion and Galatea to Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, humans have long wrestled with the idea of creating something that rivals or surpasses our capabilities. In American folklore, the hard-working John Henry staked his life on his determination that he could lay railroad tracks faster than the new-fangled steam engine—and he lost. And in the early 20th century, Karel Čapek’s play Rossum’s Universal Robots introduced the word “robot” and stoked fears of mass-produced beings that could take over labor, and perhaps eventually, rule over humanity. 

While these stories offer compelling narratives, they distort people’s thinking about AI, leading them to fear that this artificial intelligence will replace, and perhaps destroy, human intelligence. If schools and families wait until later in their development to address these misconceptions, students may have already internalized the idea that machines are autonomous entities, capable of independent thought and possibly with threatening intent. In fact, the term “artificial intelligence” itself is misleading. AI does not think, feel, or possess any form of consciousness. It simulates intelligence by following probabilistic patterns and responses. You might say AI “plays intelligence on TV.” Just as you wouldn’t trust a TV surgeon to operate on you, you wouldn’t want a simulation of intelligence to think for you.

Presenting AI as a Human-Powered Tool

Even the youngest children encounter AI—and the narratives about it—in their daily lives, so education about AI must start young. Offering a more accurate and realistic vision of AI in kindergarten or even pre-K teaches children that AI is a tool that operates without its own motivations or desires. This fosters an understanding that technology is here to serve human needs, not the other way around. Importantly, this also means teaching kids that they have a responsibility to use these tools in positive ways.

As a tool, AI can help humans think in novel ways; but AI itself cannot pursue goals or generate truly new ideas. Teaching young children that they are the creators, and that AI can be their tool, inspires them to see positive applications of AI in their daily life. Schools have the opportunity to help shape the attitudes of a future workforce that is not only comfortable with AI but also capable of using it responsibly and ethically.

Fitting AI into the Current Curriculum

For educators and administrators concerned about adding a new topic to an already complex curriculum, it’s important to emphasize that teaching AI in early childhood can be part of K-5 computer science. Teaching about AI can help meet computer science teaching goals even as it supports students’ development of computational thinking skills and provides experience with robotics tools such as developmentally appropriate robot kits. Young children need to understand first that machines don’t magically become alive or sentient like they do in movies and myths; they are tools controlled by human designers and makers. Introducing AI in an age-appropriate way encourages children to see technology as something they control—something that enhances, rather than limits, their potential.

History shows that every new tool, from the printing press to the computer, has initially raised concerns about replacing human jobs and functions. Yet each technological advancement has ultimately expanded human agency, allowing people to accomplish more, not less. The arrival of the printing press did threaten the jobs of scribes; but centuries on, it’s clear that the printing press led to a flourishing of literacy and knowledge. Early childhood education must embrace the opportunity to frame AI as another tool in this progression, one that assists rather than threatens. AI, like the steam engine and the printing press, will expand the scope of the challenges that human beings can take on and what we can achieve. 

—

Mitch Rosenberg is the CEO at KinderLab Robotics. He brings over 30 years of experience in the technology industry in engineering, marketing, product management and sales. He has executive experience at several successful technology firms, including robotics firms such as Automatix Inc., Kiva Systems (sold to Amazon in 2012) and Rethink Robotics. Connect with Mitch via email.  

Jason Innes is Director of Curriculum, Training, and Product Management at KinderLab Robotics. Jason is an entrepreneurial and innovative product leader with a broad background in education, publishing, and technology environments. Connect with Jason via email.

The post Why Do Early Learners Need to Understand Al? appeared first on EdTech Digest.

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An AI-based English learning app, ELSA leverages machine learning and advanced speech recognition technology to improve users’ English pronunciation and fluency. Their suite of products includes Speech Analyzer, which provides detailed feedback on overall speaking proficiency, and ELSA AI, offering personalized conversations with AI to enhance communication skills. The ELSA Speech API allows their technology to integrate with other platforms and applications.

Millions of users have improved their skills using the app, and now there’s ELSA AI—a tool to help people teach and practice natural conversational English using Generative (Voice) AI, available right at their fingertips through a mobile device.

The platform not only offers roleplay scenarios for learners to listen and reply, it is able to provide in-depth and accurate English fluency analysis and feedback to ensure progress. Using voice, not just text-based learning, ELSA AI helps learners master English language fluency, building their confidence.

For these reasons and more, ELSA Speak earned a Cool Tool Award (finalist) for “Best AI Solution” as part of The EdTech Awards 2024 from EdTech Digest. Learn more. 

The post ELSA Speak appeared first on EdTech Digest.

De kwestie van studiefinanciering voor EU-studenten staat al jaren hoog op de Deense politieke agenda. In een uitspraak van het Europese Hof van Justitie in 2013 werd namelijk bepaald dat EU-burgers die naar Denemarken komen om te studeren, recht hebben op Deense studiefinanciering als zij de status van ‘migrerende werknemer’ hebben. Dit houdt in dat studenten in aanmerking komen voor studiefinanciering als zij voor 10 tot 12 uur per week een bijbaan hebben. 

Ook in Nederland is recent ergernis ontstaan over het feit dat veel Europese studenten in Nederland aanspraak maken op Nederlandse studiefinanciering. Met name NSC en de VVD hebben hier moeite mee. Denemarken heeft deze irritatie geleid tot een akkoord over studiefinanciering tussen een brede politieke coalitie van sociaaldemocraten, liberalen en populisten. In 2013 werd een budgetplafond vastgesteld van 484 miljoen Deense kronen (circa 62 miljoen euro) voor uitgaven aan studiefinanciering voor EU-studenten met een bijbaan. Werd dit plafond substantieel overschreden, dan moesten maatregelen volgen. 

Brede coalitie voor inperking 

Die maatregelen volgden inderdaad toen de uitgaven jarenlang het afgesproken budgetplafond overschreden. In juni 2021 werd een nieuwe politieke overeenkomst gesloten, waarmee een brede meerderheid in het Deense parlement – bestaande uit Socialdemokratiet, Venstre, Dansk Folkeparti, Socialistisk Folkeparti, Konservative en Liberal Alliance – besloot het aantal Engelstalige opleidingen drastisch te verminderen. Deze maatregel was specifiek gericht op beroepsopleidingen en hogescholen, waar veel Engelstalige programma’s werden omgezet naar het Deens. 

In juni 2023 was Denemarken echter de gevolgen daarvan gaan merken doordat de vraag naar hoogopgeleide internationale werknemers sterk toenam. Daarom sloot de nieuwe Deense regering een nieuw akkoord over Engelstalige opleidingen. Volgens het nieuwe akkoord mogen universiteiten jaarlijks 1.100 extra Engelstalige studieplaatsen creëren in de periode 2024-2028, oplopend naar 2.500 plaatsen vanaf 2029. Deze uitbreiding is bedoeld voor masteropleidingen in sectoren met een hoge vraag naar hoogopgeleid personeel. Onlangs werd besloten nog 400 extra plaatsen voor internationale studenten beschikbaar te stellen aan Deense hogescholen in de STEM-sectoren. 

Bonus voor blijfkans 

Om de aansluiting van het hoger onderwijs op de arbeidsmarkt te verbeteren, is er vanaf 2025 een ’employment bonus’ ingesteld. Jaarlijks worden 50 miljoen kronen (circa 6,5 miljoen euro) verdeeld onder onderwijsinstellingen die het lukt om het aantal afgestudeerde internationale studenten dat in Denemarken gaat werken te verhogen. 

Het onderzoek van het Deense ministerie van Onderwijs vloeit voort uit afspraken in deze politieke akkoorden: het ministerie moet jaarlijks rapporteren over de ontwikkelingen rond studiefinanciering voor buitenlandse studenten, zodat de politiek indien nodig kan bijsturen. Bijzondere aandacht gaat uit naar de vraag of de genomen maatregelen effectief zijn in het beheersen van de uitgaven. 

Om goed zicht te krijgen op de ontwikkelingen, volgt het ministerie verschillende indicatoren. Naast de uitgaven aan studiefinanciering kijkt men naar het aantal Engelstalige opleidingen, de instroom van internationale studenten en hun arbeidsmarktpositie na afstuderen. Via een digitaal controlesysteem wordt maandelijks gecontroleerd of studenten met de status ‘migrerende werknemer’ aan de werkeis van minimaal 10-12 uur per week blijven voldoen. 

Analyse toont effect van politieke maatregelen 

De analyse van het ministerie laat zien dat de politieke maatregelen effect hebben. Het aantal EU-studenten dat momenteel in Denemarken studeert én studiefinanciering krijgt, daalde van circa 12.000 in 2022 naar 11.000 in 2023. De totale uitgaven verminderden daardoor van 614 miljoen kronen in 2022 naar een voorlopig bedrag van 535 miljoen kronen in 2023. Vooral bij hogescholen en beroepsopleidingen is een duidelijke daling zichtbaar. 

Het aantal Engelstalige opleidingen is sinds 2017 met ongeveer een derde afgenomen, van 427 naar 291 in 2023. Deze afname komt vooral door de omzetten van Engelstalige beroepsopleidingen bij hogescholen naar het Deens. Op universiteiten is nog steeds ongeveer de helft van de masteropleidingen Engelstalig. 

Arbeidsmarktperspectief is verbeterd 

De arbeidsmarktparticipatie van internationale studenten in Denemarken is toegenomen, toont het onderzoek. Van de afgestudeerden uit 2020 werkte 29 procent een jaar later nog in Denemarken, vergeleken met 23 procent van het cohort uit 2015. Bij masterstudenten steeg dit percentage zelfs van 31 procent naar 35 procent. Dit wijst erop dat de focus op arbeidsmarktrelevantie van de opleidingen vruchten afwerpt, aldus de rapportage van het Deense ministerie van Onderwijs. 

Het ministerie heeft in haar prognoses rekening gehouden met de recente versoepeling van het beleid rond Engelstalige opleidingen. Hoewel de uitgaven aan studiefinanciering voor EU-studenten momenteel dalen, wordt voor de komende jaren weer een lichte stijging verwacht. De prognose laat zien dat de uitgaven zullen oplopen van 495 miljoen kronen in 2024 naar 505 miljoen kronen in 2028. Daar staat wel een oplopend aantal studieplaatsen voor buitenlandse studenten tegenover. 

Engelstalig onderwijs ook populair bij Deense studenten 

Het rapport toont ook een duidelijk beeld van de recente ontwikkelingen in de instroom van internationale studenten bij Engelstalige opleidingen in Denemarken. In 2023 bedroeg de totale instroom bij Engelstalige programma’s 16.738 studenten, waarvan 5.206 internationale studenten (31 procent). Dit is een stijging ten opzichte van 2022, toen de totale instroom 14.825 studenten betrof, waarvan 4.380 internationale studenten (30 procent). 

Voor de lange termijn na 2029 wordt een nog iets hogere uitgave van 525 miljoen kronen verwacht. Dit is een opwaartse bijstelling van 5 miljoen kronen ten opzichte van eerdere prognoses. 

Strikte controle op oneigenlijk gebruik 

Om oneigenlijk gebruik van studiefinanciering tegen te gaan, hanteert Denemarken een strikt controlesysteem voor studenten die geregistreerd staan als ‘migrerende werknemer’. In de periode 2014-2023 zijn meer dan 20.000 terugvorderingen gedaan bij studenten die niet meer aan de werkvereisten voldeden, toont het onderzoek. In totaal moest voor 423 miljoen kronen aan onterecht uitgekeerde studiefinanciering worden terugbetaald. 

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